1. American Academy of Sleep Medicine. International classification of sleep disorders. 3rd ed. Darien: American Academy of Sleep Medicine; 2014.
2. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th ed. Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2013.
3. Morin CM, Belanger L, LeBlanc M, Ivers H, Savard J, Espie CA, Merette C, Baillargeon L, Gregoire JP. The natural history of insomnia: a population-based 3-year longitudinal study. Arch Intern Med 2009;169:447-453.
4. Cao XL, Wang SB, Zhong BL, Zhang L, Ungvari GS, Ng CH, Li L, Chiu HF, Lok GK, Lu JP, Jia FJ, Xiang YT. The prevalence of insomnia in the general population in China: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2017;12:e0170772.
5. Kronholm E, Partonen T, Harma M, Hublin C, Lallukka T, Peltonen M, Laatikainen T. Prevalence of insomnia-related symptoms continues to increase in the Finnish working-age population. J Sleep Res 2016;25:454-457.
6. National Health Insurance Service. Sleepless nights “insomnia,” the number of patients steadily increases [Internet]. Wonju: National Health Insurance Service. 2018 [cited 2020 Aug 17]. Available from:
https://www.nhis.or.kr/bbs7/boards/B0039/25795
8. Fortier-Brochu E, Beaulieu-Bonneau S, Ivers H, Morin CM. Insomnia and daytime cognitive performance: a meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2012;16:83-94.
9. de Almondes KM, Costa MV, Malloy-Diniz LF, Diniz BS. Insomnia and risk of dementia in older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychiatr Res 2016;77:109-115.
10. Riemann D, Voderholzer U. Primary insomnia: a risk factor to develop depression? J Affect Disord 2003;76:255-259.
15. Daley M, Morin CM, LeBlanc M, Gregoire JP, Savard J. The economic burden of insomnia: direct and indirect costs for individuals with insomnia syndrome, insomnia symptoms, and good sleepers. Sleep 2009;32:55-64.
17. Riemann D, Baglioni C, Bassetti C, Bjorvatn B, Dolenc Groselj L, Ellis JG, Espie CA, Garcia-Borreguero D, Gjerstad M, Goncalves M, Hertenstein E, Jansson-Frojmark M, Jennum PJ, Leger D, Nissen C, Parrino L, Paunio T, Pevernagie D, Verbraecken J, Weeß HG, Wichniak A, Zavalko I, Arnardottir ES, Deleanu OC, Strazisar B, Zoetmulder M, Spiegelhalder K. European guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia. J Sleep Res 2017;26:675-700.
18. Bootzin RR. Stimulus control treatment for insomnia. Proc Am Psychol Assoc 1972;7:395-396.
19. Spielman AJ, Saskin P, Thorpy MJ. Treatment of chronic insomnia by restriction of time in bed. Sleep 1987;10:45-56.
20. Jacobson E. Progressive muscle relaxation. J Abnorm Psychol 1938;75:18.
22. Alexandru BV, Robert B, Viorel L, Vasile B. Treating primary insomnia: a comparative study of self-help methods and progressive muscle relaxation. J Cogn Behav Psychother 2009;9:67-82.
23. Hauri P. Current concepts: the sleep disorders. Kalamazoo: Upjohn Company; 1977.
25. Beck AT, Rush AJ, Shaw BF, Emery G. Cognitive therapy of depression. New York: Guilford Press; 1979.
26. Morin CM, Culbert JP, Schwartz SM. Nonpharmacological interventions for insomnia: a meta-analysis of treatment efficacy. Am J Psychiatry 1994;151:1172-1180.
27. Harvey AG. A cognitive theory and therapy for chronic insomnia. J Cogn Psychother 2005;19:41-59.
28. Smith MT, Perlis ML, Park A, Smith MS, Pennington J, Giles DE, Buysse DJ. Comparative meta-analysis of pharmacotherapy and behavior therapy for persistent insomnia. Am J Psychiatry 2002;159:5-11.
31. Taylor DJ, Lichstein KL, Weinstock J, Sanford S, Temple JR. A pilot study of cognitive-behavioral therapy of insomnia in people with mild depression. Behav Ther 2007;38:49-57.
32. Swanson LM, Favorite TK, Horin E, Arnedt JT. A combined group treatment for nightmares and insomnia in combat veterans: a pilot study. J Trauma Stress 2009;22:639-642.
34. Dreher HM. The effect of caffeine reduction on sleep quality and well-being in persons with HIV. J Psychosom Res 2003;54:191-198.
35. Schmitz KH, Holtzman J, Courneya KS, Masse LC, Duval S, Kane R. Controlled physical activity trials in cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005;14:1588-1595.
36. Kyle SD, Morgan K, Spiegelhalder K, Espie CA. No pain, no gain: an exploratory within-subjects mixed-methods evaluation of the patient experience of sleep restriction therapy (SRT) for insomnia. Sleep Med 2011;12:735-747.
37. Weyerer S, Dilling H. Prevalence and treatment of insomnia in the community: results from the Upper Bavarian Field Study. Sleep 1991;14:392-398.
39. rin CM, Ritterband LM. Development and perceived utility and impact of an internet intervention for insomnia. E J Appl Psychol 2008;4:32-42.
40. Espie CA, Emsley R, Kyle SD, Gordon C, Drake CL, Siriwardena AN, Cape J, Ong JC, Sheaves B, Foster R, Freeman D, Costa-Font J, Marsden A, Luik AI. Effect of digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia on health, psychological well-being, and sleep-related quality of life: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry 2019;76:21-30.