References
1. Moon MJ, Chung JH, Choi JS, Ahn HK, Ryu HM, Lim HJ, Shin JS, Kim JO, Yang JH, Kim MY, Choi KH, Kim YJ, Han JY. The rate of planned pregnancy and associated factors related to planned pregnancy. Korean J Obstet Gynecol 2003. 461741–1745.
2. Ravaglia S, Marchioni E, Costa A, Maurelli M, Moglia A. Erectile dysfunction as a sentinel symptom of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in heavy drinkers. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2004. 9209–214.
3. Van Thiel DH, Gavaler J, Lester R. Ethanol inhibition of vitamin A metabolism in the testes: possible mechanism for sterility in alcoholics. Science 1974. 186941–942.
4. Practice Committee of American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Smoking and infertility. Fertil Steril 2008. 905 Suppl. S254–S259.
5. Colagar AH, Jorsaraee GA, Marzony ET. Cigarette smoking and the risk of male infertility. Pak J Biol Sci 2007. 103870–3874.
6. Desmonts G, Couvreur J. Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy and its transmission to the fetus. Bull N Y Acad Med 1974. 50146–159.
7. Hoyo C, Murtha AP, Schildkraut JM, Forman MR, Calingaert B, Demark-Wahnefried W, Kurtzberg J, Jirtle RL, Murphy SK. Folic acid supplementation before and during pregnancy in the Newborn Epigenetics STudy (NEST). BMC Public Health 2011. 1146.
8. Sallmen M, Lindbohm ML, Nurminen M. Paternal exposure to lead and infertility. Epidemiology 2000. 11148–152.
9. El Feki A, Ghorbel F, Smaoui M, Makni-Ayadi F, Kammoun A. Effects of automobile lead on the general growth and sexual activity of the rat. Gynecol Obstet Fertil 2000. 2851–59.
10. Sowers MF, Zheng H, Kravitz HM, Matthews K, Bromberger JT, Gold EB, Owens J, Consens F, Hall M. Sex steroid hormone profiles are related to sleep measures from polysomno-graphy and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Sleep 2008. 311339–1349.
11. Loret de Mola JR. Obesity and its relationship to infertility in men and women. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2009. 36333–346.
ix.
12. Langer O. Management of obesity in GDM: old habits die hard. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2008. 21165–171.
13. Roberts JM, Bodnar LM, Patrick TE, Powers RW. The role of obesity in preeclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertens 2011. 16–16.
14. Du Plessis SS, Cabler S, McAlister DA, Sabanegh E, Agarwal A. The effect of obesity on sperm disorders and male infertility. Nat Rev Urol 2010. 7153–161.
15. Olive DL. Exercise and fertility: an update. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2010. 22259–263.
16. Drever N, Saade GR, Bytautiene E. Fetal programming: early-life modulations that affect adult outcomes. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2010. 10453–459.
17. Hidiroglou M, Knipfel JE. Zinc in mammalian sperm: a review. J Dairy Sci 1984. 671147–1156.
18. Rode LM, Coulter GH, Kastelic JP, Bailey DR. Seminal quality and sperm production in beef bulls with chronic dietary vita-min A deficiency and subsequent re-alimentation. Theriogenology 1995. 431269–1277.
19. Ciereszko A, Dabrowski K. Sperm quality and ascorbic acid concentration in rainbow trout semen are affected by dietary vitamin C: an across-season study. Biol Reprod 1995. 52982–988.
20. Franz M. Is it safe to consume aspartame during pregnancy? A review. Nutrition update. Diabetes Educ 1986. 12145–147.
21. Kawar N, Alrayyes S. Periodontitis in pregnancy: the risk of preterm labor and low birth weight. Dis Mon 2011. 57192–202.
22. Kelly CD, Jennions MD. Sexual selection and sperm quantity: meta-analyses of strategic ejaculation. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2011. 03. 17. [Epub].
10.1111/j.1469-185X.2011.00175.x.