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Treatment and Management of Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Article information

J Korean Med Assoc. 2008;51(10):884-896
Publication date (electronic) : 2008 October 31
doi : https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2008.51.10.884
Tak Kim, MD
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea. tkim@kumc.or.kr

Abstract

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are the most common group of identifiable infectious diseases in many countries. Adolescents and young adults (15-24 years old) comprise only 25% of the sexually active population but represent almost 50% of all newly acquired STDs. In a law for prevention of infectious diseases in Korea, STDs include syphilis, gonorrhea, chancroid, nongonococcal urethritis, clamydial infection, genital herpes, and genital wart. Bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, candidiasis, amebiasis, scabies, phthiriasis, granuloma inguinale, AIDS, and high risk human papilloma virus are also included in the STDs. Individuals infected with STDs are 5-10 times more likely than uninfected individuals to acquire or transmit HIV through sexual contacts. Their control is important considering the high incidences of acute infections, complications, and sequelae, their socioeconomic impact, and their role in increasing transmission of the HIV. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the treatment and management of STDs on the basis of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention treatment guidelines for sexually transmitted diseases published in 2006.

Keywords: Sexually transmitted disease; Treatment; Management

References

1. UNAIDS. Force for change: World AIDS Campaign with young people. UNAIDS 1998 theme. AIDS Anal Afr 1998. 88–9.
2. Hillis SD, Wasserheit JN. Screening for Chlamydia-A Key to the prevention of pelvic inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 1996. 3341399–1401.
3. Centers for Disease Control. Sexually transmitted disease treatment guidelines, 2006. MMWR 2006. 5511.

Article information Continued

Copyright © 2008 Korean Medical Association

Table 1

Recommended regimens for chancroid*

Table 1

*Ciprofloxacin is contraindicated for pregnant and lactating women. Azithromycin and ceftriaxone offer the advantage of single-dose therapy. Worldwide, several isolates with intermediate resistance to either ciprofloxacin or erythromycin have been reported.

Table 2

Recommended regimens for genital herpes*

Table 2

*Treatment might be extended if healing is incomplete after 10 days of therapy.

Table 3

Recommended regimens for suppressive therapy of genital herpes

Table 3

Table 4

Recommended regimens for episodic therapy of genital herpes

Table 4

Table 5

Recommended regimens for daily suppressive therapy in persons infected with HIV

Table 5

Table 6

Recommended regimens for episodic infection in persons infected with HIV

Table 6

Table 7

Recommended regimen and alternative regimens for granuloma inguinale

Table 7

Table 8

Recommended regimen for primary and secondary syphilis

Table 8

Table 9

Recommended regimen for latent syphilis

Table 9

Table 10

Recommended regimen for tertiary syphilis

Table 10

Table 11

Oral desensitization protocol for patients with a positive skin test*

Table 11

Observation period: 30 minutes before parenteral administration of penicillin

*Reprinted with permission from the New England Journal of Medicine.

SOURCE: Wendel GO Jr. Stark BJ, Jamison RB, Melina RD, Sullivan TJ. Penicillin allergy and desensitization in serious infections during pregnancy. N Engl J Med 1985; 312; 1229-1232.

†Interval between doses: 15 minutes; elapsed time: 3 hours and 45 minutes; and cumulative dose: 1.3 million units.

§The specific amount of drug was diluted in approximately 30mL of water amd then administered orally.

Table 12

Treatment regimens for nongonococcal urethritis

Table 12

Table 13

Recommended regimens for recurrent and persistent nongonococcal urethritis

Table 13

Table 14

Treatment regimens for chlamydial infections

Table 14

Table 15

Treatment regimens for chlamydial infections in pregnant women

Table 15

Table 16

Treatment regimens for uncomplicated gonococcal infections of the cervix, urethra, and rectum

Table 16

Table 17

Treatment regimens for bacterial vaginosis

Table 17

Table 18

Treatment regimens for pregnant women of bacterial vaginosis

Table 18

Table 19

Treatment regimens for trichomoniasis

Table 19

Table 20

Treatment Regimens for Vulvovaginal Candidiasis

Table 20

Table 21

Treatment regimens for external genital warts

Table 21

Table 22

Treatment regimens for scabies

Table 22

Table 23

Treatment Regimens for Pediculosis Pubis

Table 23