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J Korean Med Assoc > Volume 51(2); 2008 > Article
Lee: Classification of Vaccination and Immunization Schedule Recommended by the Korean Pediatric Society, 2008

Abstract

Immunizations are among the most cost-effective and widely used public health interventions. This is a report on the revision of recommendations for immunization in children by the Korean Pediatric Society. The new classification system of immunization and the new definition of each category of immunization were introduced. Immunization and vaccines were divided into 4 groups: 1) vaccines that should be given to all infants and children (BCG, hepatitis B vaccine, DTaP, Td, polio vaccine, Japanese encephalitis vaccine, MMR, varicella vaccine, influenza vaccine [6~23 months of age], and H. influenzae type b vaccine), 2) those recommended to all infants and children, but the decision of administration can be made by parents (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, hepatitis A vaccine, influenza vaccine [healthy children ≧ 24 months of age], rotavirus vaccine, and human papilloma virus vaccine), 3) those that should be given to high risk group (pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine [high-risk patients ≧ 24 months of age], influenza vaccine [high-risk patients ≧ 24 months of age], and typhoid vaccine), and 4) those administered for the control of outbreaks or prevention of emerging infectious diseases (all the vaccines that are administered to infants and children can also be administered for the control of outbreaks or prevention of emerging infectious diseases). The immunization schedule recommended by the Korean Pediatric Society is presented. The new edition of the Korean guidelines for immunization in children including detailed descriptions of each vaccine will be published by the end of 2008.

References

1. Centers for disease control and prevention (CDC). Advisory committee on immunization practice. General recommendation in immunization. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2006;55(RR-15):1-47.

2. Kang JH, Cha SH, Kim KH, Sohn YM, Oh SH, Lee HJ, Hong YJ, Hur JK. The Korean Pediatric Society of Pediatrics. Korean guideline for immunization in children 2002;5th ed. Seoul: Kwangmoon Press.

3. Prevention and control of vaccine-preventable diseases 2006;Korean Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Table 1
Classification of vaccines by target population and/or degree of recommendation
jkma-51-104-i001-l.jpg

*Vaccines that should be given to all infants and children

Vaccines that are recommended to all infants and children, but decision of administration can be made by parents

Vaccines that should be given to high risk group, in terms of severity of the disease or incidence

§Vaccines that are administered for control of outbreaks or prevention of emerging infectious diseases

Table 2
Recommended immunization schedule, Korean Pediatric Society, 2008
jkma-51-104-i002-l.jpg

*Hepatitis B vaccine (Hep B).

·If mother is hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive, administer HepB and 0.5mL of hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) within 12 hours of birth.

·If mother's HBsAg status is unknown, administer HepB within 12 hours of birth. Determine the HBsAg status as soon as possible and if HBsAg-positive, administer HBIG (no later than age 1 week).

·If mother is HBsAg-negative, the first dose can be given prior to hospital discharge or delayed upto 2 months of age.

Vaccines in parentheses are recommended to all infants and children, but decision of administration can be made by parents.

Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine (Hib).

·If PRP-OMP is administered at ages 2 and 4 months, a dose at age 6 months is not required.

§Pneumococcal vaccine.

·For infants pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) is used.

·Administer Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) to children aged 2 years and older with underlying medical conditions.

Rotavirus vaccine (Rota).

·Administer the first dose at age 6~12 weeks.

·Do not start the series later than age 12 weeks.

·Administer the final dose in the series by age 32 weeks. Do not administer any dose later than age 32 weeks.

·Data on safety and efficacy outside of these age ranges are insufficient.

Influenza vaccine.

·Administer annually to children aged 6~23 months and to all close contacts of children aged 0~23 months.

·Administer annually to children 2 years of age and older with certain risk factors, to other persons (including household members) in close contact with persons in groups at higher risk, and to any child whose parents request vaccination.

·Children should receive 0.25mL if age 6~35mos or 0.5mL if age 3 years or older.

·Administer 2 doses (separated by 4 weeks or longer) to children younger than 9 years who are receiving influenza vaccine for the first time or who were vaccinated for the first time last season, but only received one dose.

**Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR).

·Administer the second dose of MMR at age 4~6 years. MMR may be administered before age 4~6 years, provided 4 weeks or more have elapsed since the first dose.

††Japanese encephalitis vaccine (JE).

·When inactivated vaccine is used, the first dose is given at 12~23 months of age followed by the second dose with 1~2 weeks interval, and the third dose is given 1 year later. Fourth dose is given at 6 years, and the fifth dose is given at 12 years.

·When live vaccine is used, administer 1 doses at 12~23 months of age, and the second dose is given 1 year later. The third dose is given at 6 years, and no more dose is needed.

‡‡Hepatitis A vaccine (Hep A).

·The 2 doses in the series should be administered with 6~12 months interval.

·Children not fully vaccinated by age 2 years can be vaccinated at subsequent visits.

·Hep A is recommended for certain other groups of children, including in areas where vaccination programs target older children.

§§Tetanus and diphtheria toxoids vaccine (Td).

·Administer at age 11~12 years for those who have completed the recommended childhood DTaP vaccination series, and administer every 10 years thereafter.

∥∥Human papilloma virus vaccine (HPV)

·Administer the first dose of the HPV vaccine series to females at age 11~12 years.

·Administer the second dose 2 months after the first dose and the third dose 6 months after the first dose.

·Administer the HPV vaccine series to females at age 13~18 years if not previously vaccinated.

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