Anesthesia and Sedation

Hae Ja Lim

doi:10.5124/jkma.2007.50.12.1065

J Korean Med Assoc > Volume 50(12); 2007 > Article

Lim: Anesthesia and Sedation

Focused Issue of This Month

Recent Concepts of Anesthesia

Journal of the Korean Medical Association

Journal of the Korean Medical Association 2007; 50(12): 1065-1071.

Published online: December 31, 2007

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2007.50.12.1065

Anesthesia and Sedation

Hae Ja Lim, MD

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea. drlimhj@korea.ac.kr

Abstract

Anesthetic care is usually provided for patients undergoing surgical procedures to make them unconscious and painless during surgery. Nowadays there are increasing therapeutic or diagnostic procedures performed outside operating room. Sedation is more frequently provided as healthcare during procedures for patient's comfort and safety by non-anesthesiologist or anesthesiologist. Early in 1999, ASA (the American Society of Anesthesiologists defined "sedation and analgesia" and established 4 states: minimal sedation, moderate sedation, deep sedation, and general anesthesia. Monitored anesthetic care implies the potential for a deep sedation and is always administered by an anesthesiologist. It is not always possible to predict how an individual patient will respond by nature of being a continuum of sedation. Hence, practitioners intending to induce a given level of sedation should be able to rescue patients whose level of sedation becomes deeper than initially intended. The standards for preoperative evaluation, intraoperative monitoring, anesthetic care, etc. are not different from those for general anesthesia.

Keywords: Sedation; Anesthesia; Sedation / analgesia; Monitored anesthesia care

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Table 1

Continuum of depth of sedation: Definition of general anesthesia and levels of sedation / analgesia