It is crucial that physicians define their role and develop the appropriate clinical skills to manage child abuse or neglect effectively. The role of physician in the prevention and treatment of child abuse or neglect traditionally has been one of detection, medical diagnosis, and treatment or referral. However, the role can be greatly expanded. They may serve on hospital child protection teams, provide medical services to private service agencies, participate in community multidisciplinary review boards and advisory boards of voluntary agencies, or testify as an expert witness.

This article defines the emerging role of physicians in prevention and treatment of child abuse. It reflects the strategic agenda of the Korean Medical Association for promotion of optimal child health and development.