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Extensively Drug Resistant-Tuberculosis, XDR-TB

Article information

J Korean Med Assoc. 2008;51(2):168-175
Publication date (electronic) : 2008 February 28
doi : https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2008.51.2.168
Jae Seuk Park, MD
Department of Internal Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Korea. jspark@dankook.ac.kr

Abstract

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB), resistant to at least the two main TB drugsisoniazid and rifampicin, has been a threat to TB control because the treatment requires more toxic drugs and longer period with poor treatment outcomes. Recently, more serious concerns have been raised about extensively drug resistant-tuberculosis (XDR-TB), which shows resistance to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides in addition to isoniazid and rifampicin. XDR-TB is a serious global health threat because the cure is very difficult as few sensitive anti-TB drugs remain. XDR-TB develops when first-and second-line anti-TB drugs are misused during the course of treatment, most commonly due to poor compliance of the patients to the treatment regimen. People with XDR-TB can pass the XDR-TB bacteria to other people. Thus, every effort should be made to prevent the development of XDR-TB by establishing an effective TB control program maximizing patient adherence to prescribed anti-TB regimen and minimizing contact of XDR-TB patients with other people to prevent the spread of XDR-TB.

Keywords: Tuberculosis; Multidrug-resistant; Extensively drug-resistant

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Article information Continued

Copyright © 2008 Korean Medical Association

Table 1

Number and percentage of XDR-TB cases by geographic region and years-worldwide, 2000~2004

Table 1

*Australia, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Ireland, Japan, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom, United States