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Bone Tumors Specific in Children

Article information

J Korean Med Assoc. 2006;49(12):1068-1081
Publication date (electronic) : 2006 December 31
doi : https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2006.49.12.1068
Sung Taek Jung, MD, Kwang Cheul Jeong, MD
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chonnam National University College of Medicine, Korea. stjung@chonnam.ac.kr, hikcj2005@naver.com

Abstract

Primary bone tumors in pediatric age group are uncommon, and even when they do occur, they are usually benign. The primary malignant tumors that occur predominantly in children are two bone tumors, namely, osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma. An adequate history and physical examination are the first and most important steps in evaluating a patient with a bone tumor. All suspected bone tumors should be evaluated initially with plain roentgenograms. Then the additional diagnostic studies, such as computed tomography(CT), magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and technetium bone scan can be used, if necessary. Biopsy should be the last step in evaluation. Most of benign bone tumors usually do not require treatment other than a periodic follow-up evaluation. The optimal treatment of the malignant bone tumor often requires a combination of radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and wide surgical excision or amputation. Early detection of a malignant bone tumor not only may make the difference between life and death but also may allow successful salvage surgery rather than amputation of the limb.

Keywords: Pediatric; Done tumor; Benign; Malignant

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Copyright © 2006 Korean Medical Association

Figure 1

Figure 1

Different patterns of bone destruction

Figure 2

Figure 2

Different patterns of periosteal reaction

Figure 3

Figure 3

Surgical margins

Figure 4

Figure 4

Osteoid soteoma(CT)

Figure 5

Figure 5

Conventional osteosarcoma

Figure 6

Figure 6

Conventional osteosarcoma

Figure 7

Figure 7

Osteochondroma

Figure 8

Figure 8

Enchondroma

Figure 9

Figure 9

Nonossifying fibroma

Figure 10

Figure 10

Shepherd's crook deformity of right hip

Figure 11

Figure 11

Osteofibrous dysplasia

Figure 12

Figure 12

Simple bone cyst

Figure 13

Figure 13

Ewing's sarcoma

Table 1

Classification of pediatric bone tumors based on tissue of origin

Table 1

Table 2

Common locations of pediatric bone tumor

Table 2

Table 3

Staging of musculoskeletal tumors

Table 3

From Enneking WF, Spanier SS, Goodman MA. A system for the surgical staging of musculoskeletal sarcoma. Clin Othop Relat Res 1980; 153: 106