1. Schuknecht HF. Ablation therapy for the relief of Ménière’s disease. Laryngoscope 1956;66:859-870.
2. Chung JH, Park CW, Lee SH, et al. Intratympanic steroid injection for Bell’s palsy: preliminary randomized controlled study. Otol Neurotol 2014;35:1673-1678.
3. Wu HP, Chou YF, Yu SH, Wang CP, Hsu CJ, Chen PR. Intratympanic steroid injections as a salvage treatment for sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled study. Otol Neurotol 2011;32:774-779.
5. Goycoolea MV. Clinical aspects of round window membrane permeability under normal and pathological conditions. Acta Otolaryngol 2001;121:437-447.
7. Chelikh L, Teixeira M, Martin C, Sterkers O, Ferrary E, Couloigner V. High variability of perilymphatic entry of neutral molecules through the round window. Acta Otolaryngol 2003;123:199-202.
10. Tabuchi K, Oikawa K, Murashita H, Hoshino T, Tsuji S, Hara A. Protective effects of glucocorticoids on ischemia-reperfusion injury of outer hair cells. Laryngoscope 2006;116:627-629.
13. Hashino E, Shero M. Endocytosis of aminoglycoside antibiotics in sensory hair cells. Brain Res 1995;704:135-140.
15. Priuska EM, Schacht J. Formation of free radicals by gentamicin and iron and evidence for an iron/gentamicin complex. Biochem Pharmacol 1995;50:1749-1752.
16. Forge A. Outer hair cell loss and supporting cell expansion following chronic gentamicin treatment. Hear Res 1985;19:171-182.
17. Tsuji K, Velázquez-Villaseñor L, Rauch SD, Glynn RJ, Wall C 3rd, Merchant SN. Temporal bone studies of the human peripheral vestibular system: aminoglycoside ototoxicity. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Suppl 2000;181:20-25.
18. Schreiber BE, Agrup C, Haskard DO, Luxon LM. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Lancet 2010;375:1203-1211.
19. Chau JK, Lin JR, Atashband S, Irvine RA, Westerberg BD. Systematic review of the evidence for the etiology of adult sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Laryngoscope 2010;120:1011-1021.
20. Sara SA, Teh BM, Friedland P. Bilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss: review. J Laryngol Otol 2014;128 Suppl 1:S8-S15.
21. Nagura M, Iwasaki S, Wu R, Mizuta K, Umemura K, Hoshino T. Effects of corticosteroid, contrast medium and ATP on focal microcirculatory disorders of the cochlea. Eur J Pharmacol 1999;366:47-53.
22. Rauch SD, Halpin CF, Antonelli PJ, et al. Oral vs intratympanic corticosteroid therapy for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a randomized trial. JAMA 2011;305:2071-2079.
23. Lim HJ, Kim YT, Choi SJ, et al. Efficacy of 3 different steroid treatments for sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a prospective, randomized trial. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2013;148:121-127.
26. Koltsidopoulos P, Bibas A, Sismanis A, Tzonou A, Seggas I. Intratympanic and systemic steroids for sudden hearing loss. Otol Neurotol 2013;34:771-776.
27. Ahn JH, Yoo MH, Yoon TH, Chung JW. Can intratympanic dexamethasone added to systemic steroids improve hearing outcome in patients with sudden deafness? Laryngoscope 2008;118:279-282.
31. Plontke SK, Meisner C, Agrawal S, et al. Intratympanic corticosteroids for sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2022;7:CD008080.
32. Alexander TH, Harris JP. Current epidemiology of Meniere’s syndrome. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2010;43:965-970.
33. Hallpike CS, Cairns H. Observations on the pathology of Ménière’s syndrome: (section of otology). Proc R Soc Med 1938;31:1317-1336.
34. Basura GJ, Adams ME, Monfared A, et al. Clinical practice guideline: Ménière’s disease. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020;162((2_suppl):S1-S55.
35. Albu S, Chirtes F, Trombitas V, et al. Intratympanic dexamethasone versus high dosage of betahistine in the treatment of intractable unilateral Meniere disease. Am J Otolaryngol 2015;36:205-209.
37. Patel M, Agarwal K, Arshad Q, et al. Intratympanic methylprednisolone versus gentamicin in patients with unilateral Ménière’s disease: a randomised, double-blind, comparative effectiveness trial. Lancet 2016;388:2753-2762.
38. Silverstein H, Isaacson JE, Olds MJ, Rowan PT, Rosenberg S. Dexamethasone inner ear perfusion for the treatment of Meniere’s disease: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, crossover trial. Am J Otol 1998;19:196-201.
39. Hiel H, Bennani H, Erre JP, Aurousseau C, Aran JM. Kinetics of gentamicin in cochlear hair cells after chronic treatment. Acta Otolaryngol 1992;112:272-277.
40. Quaranta A, Scaringi A, Aloidi A, Quaranta N, Salonna I. Intratympanic therapy for Ménière’s disease: effect of administration of low concentration of gentamicin. Acta Otolaryngol 2001;121:387-392.
42. Casani AP, Piaggi P, Cerchiai N, Seccia V, Franceschini SS, Dallan I. Intratympanic treatment of intractable unilateral Meniere disease: gentamicin or dexamethasone?: a randomized controlled trial Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2012;146:430-437.
43. Postema RJ, Kingma CM, Wit HP, Albers FW, Van Der Laan BF. Intratympanic gentamicin therapy for control of vertigo in unilateral Menire’s disease: a prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Acta Otolaryngol 2008;128:876-880.
44. Stokroos R, Kingma H. Selective vestibular ablation by intratympanic gentamicin in patients with unilateral active Ménière’s disease: a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. Acta Otolaryngol 2004;124:172-175.
45. Park KH, Lee SH, Koo JW, et al. Prevalence and associated factors of tinnitus: data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2011. J Epidemiol 2014;24:417-426.
46. Sahley TL, Nodar RH. A biochemical model of peripheral tinnitus. Hear Res 2001;152:43-54.
47. Topak M, Sahin-Yilmaz A, Ozdoganoglu T, Yilmaz HB, Ozbay M, Kulekci M. Intratympanic methylprednisolone injections for subjective tinnitus. J Laryngol Otol 2009;123:1221-1225.
49. Albu S, Chirtes F. Intratympanic dexamethasone plus melatonin versus melatonin only in the treatment of unilateral acute idiopathic tinnitus. Am J Otolaryngol 2014;35:617-622.